Move the angle and compare three linked ideas: the point on the circle, the coordinates, and the trig values. The x-coordinate is cos(theta), the y-coordinate is sin(theta), and coterminal angles land on the same point.
What to notice
The point always stays one unit from the origin, so its coordinates satisfy x^2 + y^2 = 1. Moving around the circle changes cos(theta) and sin(theta), but not the radius.
If you add or subtract 360 deg, the point does not move. In this view, 45 deg is already in standard position.
Current values
Actual angle: 45 deg
Radian measure: pi/4
Standard position: 45 deg
Quadrant or axis: Quadrant I
Reference angle: 45 deg
Point on the circle: (0.7071, 0.7071)
cos(theta): 0.7071
sin(theta): 0.7071
tan(theta): 1
x^2 + y^2: 1
Special-angle check
Normalized special angle: 45 deg
Equivalent radian position in one turn: pi/4
Exact point: (sqrt(2)/2, sqrt(2)/2)
Exact cos(theta): sqrt(2)/2
Exact sin(theta): sqrt(2)/2
Exact tan(theta): 1
Try this
Compare 30 deg, 150 deg, 210 deg, and 330 deg. The reference angle stays 30 deg, so the absolute values of the coordinates match while the signs change by quadrant.